Physical Science Chapter 23 Exam Review
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. A(n) ____ chemical equation has the same number of atoms
of each element on each side of the equation.
a. | balanced | c. | simple |
b. | complex | d. | unbalanced |
____ 2. Each substance on the left side of the arrow in a chemical
equation is a ____.
a. | catalyst | c. | product |
b. | coefficient | d. | reactant |
____ 3. Which of the following is a balanced chemical equation?
a. | AgNO3 + NaCl ® 4AgCl + 2NaNO3 |
b. | 2AgNO3 + 2NaCl ® 3AgCl + 2NaNO3 |
c. | AgNO3 + NaCl ® AgCl + NaNO3 |
d. | AgNO3 + 2NaCl ® AgCl + 3NaNO3 |
____ 4. The energy required to break the original bonds is less
than the energy release when new bonds form in a(n) ____ reaction.
a. | endergonic | c. | precipitate |
b. | exergonic | d. | aqueous |
____ 5. If heat must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction
to take place, the reaction is ____.
a. | balanced | c. | exothermic |
b. | endothermic | d. | reactant |
____ 6. What type of reaction is shown in the following chemical equation:
NH3 + HCl ® NH4Cl?
a. | decomposition | c. | single-displacement |
b. | double-displacement | d. | synthesis |
____ 7. Which of the following could represent a decomposition reaction?
a. | compound = element + element |
b. | compound + compound = compound + compound |
c. | element + compound = element + compound |
d. | element + element = compound |
____ 8. In a chemical equation, the symbol that means dissolved
in water is ____.
____ 9. When one element replaces another element in a compound,
the reaction is a ____ reaction.
a. | decomposition | c. | single–displacement |
b. | double–displacement | d. | synthesis |
____ 10. A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without
being permanently changed itself is a(n) ____.
a. | catalyst | c. | inhibitor |
b. | coefficient | d. | reactant |
____ 11. The breaking down of a substance into two or more simpler
substances is ____.
a. | decomposition | c. | a catalyst |
b. | displacement | d. | synthesis |
____ 12. Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical
equation is a(n) ____.
a. | catalyst | c. | reactant |
b. | inhibitor | d. | product |
____ 13. Substances that prevent, or slow down, chemical reactions
are called ____.
a. | catalysts | c. | inhibitors |
b. | endothermics | d. | products |
____ 14. A chemical reaction in which heat energy is released is ____.
a. | endothermic | c. | flammable |
b. | exothermic | d. | a formula |
____ 15. Numbers that precede symbols and formulas in a chemical
equation are ____.
a. | catalysts | c. | superscripts |
b. | coefficients | d. | subscripts |
____ 16. According to the law of conservation of mass, how does
the mass of the products in a chemical reaction compare to the mass of the reactants?
a. | There is no relationship. |
b. | The mass of the products is greater. |
c. | The mass of the reactants is greater. |
d. | The masses are equal. |
____ 17. What is an insoluble compound that forms during a
chemical reaction?
a. | aqueous | c. | inhibitor |
b. | catalyst | d. | precipitate |
____ 18. A chemical reaction in which two or more substances
combine to form another substance is called a ____.
a. | synthesis reaction | c. | product |
b. | decomposition reaction | d. | reactant |
____ 19. According to the law of conservation of mass, if two
atoms of hydrogen are used as a reactant, how many atoms of hydrogen must be
part of the product?
____ 20. What type of reaction is shown in the following chemical equation:
2H2O ® 2H2 + O2?
a. | decomposition | c. | single–displacement |
b. | double–displacement | d. | synthesis |
____ 21. The burning of wood in a campfire that produces heat and
light would be both an ____ and an ____ reaction.
a. | endergonic, exothermic | c. | endergonic, endothermic |
b. | exergonic, endothermic | d. | exergonic, exothermic |
____ 22. When most chemical reactions take place, some ____ in the
reactants must be broken, a process that requires energy.
a. | compounds | c. | precipitates |
b. | chemical bonds | d. | products |
Matching
Match each of the models with the type of reaction it represents.
____ 23. single–displacement
____ 24. decomposition
____ 25. double–displacement
____ 26. synthesis
Completion
Complete each statement.
Figure 21-1
27. In the chemical equation shown in Figure 21-1, the substances
in part A are called ____________________.
28. In Figure 21-1, the substances in part B are called ____________________.
29. In Figure 21-1, part C is called a(n) ____________________.
30. In Figure 21-1, part D is called a(n) ____________________.
31. In Figure 21-1, part E means that the material, O, is a(n) ____________________.
32. Figure 21-1, part F, is read as ____________________.
33. Figure 21-1, part G, means that the material, Sr(OH)2, is ____________________.
34. Figure 21-1, part H, means that the material, H2, is a(n) ____________________.
Short Answer
35. In the equation Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) ® Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g),
list each element used as a reactant, and tell how many atoms of each are needed for
this reaction.
36. Explain what is meant by a balanced chemical equation.
37. What is changed in a chemical equation to balance it? What
cannot be changed?
38. What type of reaction is 2KClO3 ® 2KCl + 3O2?
39. What type of reaction is 2K + 2H2O ® 2KOH + H2?
40. What type of reaction is 2Mg + O2 ® 2MgO?
41. What type of reaction is Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI ® PbI2 + 2KNO3?
Honors Physical Science Chapter 23 Test Review
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
2. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
3. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
4. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
7. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
8. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
10. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
11. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
12. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
13. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
14. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
16. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
17. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
18. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
21. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
22. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
MATCHING
23. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
25. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
26. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.1
COMPLETION
27. ANS: reactants
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
28. ANS: products
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
29. ANS: element
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
30. ANS: coefficient
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
31. ANS: liquid
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/4 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
32. ANS:
produces
forms
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/4 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
33. ANS:
aqueous
a solid dissolved in water
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/4 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
34. ANS: gas
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/4 STA: PS5.1 CS1.2
SHORT ANSWER
35. ANS:
Ca, calcium, 1; H, hydrogen, 4; O, oxygen, 2
PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 1/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
36. ANS:
The same number of atoms of each element are on both sides of the equation.
PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 2/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
37. ANS:
coefficients; subscripts
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/2 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
38. ANS:
decomposition
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
39. ANS:
single–displacement
PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
40. ANS:
synthesis
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
41. ANS:
double–displacement
PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2